Beehive.



G. G. SGH'AMU.

v BBBHIVB. APPLIO'ATION FILED 00T.16, 1912. 1,100,847, Patented June 23, 1914.

, 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES: d i v @R ATTORNEYS C. G. SCHAMU.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR -/m/ Mj/ ym #7 /f/ @mi ATTORNEYS CHARLES G. SCHAMU, OF LIVEBPOOL, NW YORK.

BEEHIVE.

specification of Letters ratent. Patented June 23, 191%- Application l'ed October 16, 1912.' Serial No. 726,047.

' To all whom it may concern Be it kn'oivn that I, CHARLES SCHAMU, of Liverpool, in the county of Onondaga and State of Xew York.I have invented a certain new and useful Beehive, ot Which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to bcehives and particularly to the bases or bottom boards thereof, and it consists in the combinations and constructions hereinafter set-forth and claimed.

In describingl this invention reference is had to the accompanying drawings in which like. characters designate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figurel is a front elevation of my beehive. Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the bottom board. Fig. 3 is a plan of the bottom board, partly broken away. Fig. et is a sectional vieuf on line -A, Fig. 3. Fig. is a plan view ot' one of the detached partitious ot' the bottom board. Fig. 6 is an elevation ot an adjustable gate of the bottom board. Fig. T is a fragmentaryview partly 'in section .showing in side elevation, the right end of the bott-om board looking upwardly in Fig. 3

1 is the bottom board of the hive and 2 are the hive boxes mounted one above the other on the bottom board. The bottom board 1 is here shown as formed With upper and lower chambers or compartments, the upper compartment or chamber being divided into front andrear chambers 3, e1 by an inclinedpartition 5` and the lower compartment being divided into front and rear chambers 6, 7 by a vertical partition 8. The partitions 5 and S are arranged so that the upper rear chamber 4: is larger than the lower rear chamber 7 and extends over the lower front chamber ,6. The chamber 3 is 1n direct communication with the hivefboxes through a suitable passage 3a, Fig. 4, and is providedv lat its' front end vvith an adjustable gate 9' comprising a roller oft-he same diameter as the height -oii the chamber 3 and provided with a pluralitv'ot cutouts 10, 11 and 12, ot' differentdepths, the cutout 12 being' pro-- vided with a drone net, and the wires thereof being spaced apart suicient distance to permit the egress and entrance ot' the Workers but to prevent egress of the queen and drones. The passage 11 is of suiiicient Width topermit the egress and entrance of the drones and Workers but not the queen and lthe passage 10 of sufficient depth to permit all classes otbees to have free entrance and egress. The roller is adjustable about its axis tobring the desired cutout in 'position and vclose theothers and vfor this purpose is provided with a handle 13, Figs. 3 and 7,

located at one end thereof. The roller 9 is here shown as formed Withtrunnions 14, 15 at its opposite ends, the trurmion 14 eX- tendiug into sockets formed on the inner side face of one of the side walls-of the bottoni board or base, and the trunnion 15 eX- tendiug entirely through an open ended slot 1G in the other side Wall and carrying the handle or knob 13 at its -outer end. The open ended slot 16 permits the roller' to be ren'ioved bodily. The-gate 9 forms no part ot this invent-ion but constitutes the subject matter of my atent No..1,064,779, issued June 17, 1913. The chambersa, 6 and 7 are also provided at their outer ends with suitable removable and adjustable closures 1T, 18 and 19, Fig. 4, which are in the form ot rollers, each roller having but one cutout in which is located a drone net. Said rollers are adjustablev into but two positions to entirely close' the chambers or in position to open the chambers for the purpose of ventilation and for giving additional entrances l'for the Workers, The rollers 17, 18 and 19 for thefhambers 4, 6 and 7 are provided W1thdrone nets of suflicient space between the wires to permit the Workers-to have'free egress but not to permit the drones andqueen to escape. These rollers are provided with trunnions and handles similar to the trunnious 14 and 15' and handle 13 of the gate 9.

The chamber, 7 is in open communication with the chamber 4, and the chamber l is4 provided in its upper Wall 20 with a plural.- ity of openings as parallel slots 21 through which the bees can pass into and out of the hive box. For the purpose of preventing the bees from entering thechamber 7, the

chamber 4c is 'provided with a removable horizontal partition 22 which meets the liiiclined partition .-l at one end and engages with the roller 17 at its other end.v This partitionisin the form ot' a rectangular frame slidable in suitable Ways formed in the side Walls of the bottom board or base and provided with a plurality 4oi. .pivoted shut-ters 23 having a common operating rod 24. By removing the roller 17 the rod 24 can bejoperated to entirely close the shuttersor open the same either for the -pu'frduring the dormant season, the dead falling.

through the slots 21 ot the Wall 2O on the partition 22 and hence do not accumulate in the hive box. The location of this partition 22 beneath the top Wall 20 isparticu larly advantageous in that the partition is out of the space 'in which the bees Work or store honey and hence' will not be sealed by the bees and made hard to remove. 'As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the top of the bottom boards is sealed and m ade tight by the bees. v

The chambers 3 and 6 are connected by drone traps here shown as a plurality of truncated cones 25 depending from the Wall 26 separat-iugsaid chambers, each cone having a conical passage communicating'with an opening 2T in the'wall 26 and the Walls of the passage: and the periphery of the cone being smooth so that after a drone has ypassed through the cone into the chamber I 6, he cannot' return to the chamber 3.

In operation, all the gates or rollers may be turned to closed position,'or the gate 9 leftin one of itsopen positions, or the roller 19 may be turned tol a cio/sed position and the shutters 23 closed, and the gate 1.7 turned to open position so that the hive will haveA a plurality of entrance and exit passages for the Workers, or the gate 19 may be removed bodily and food placed in the chamber 7 at certain seasons of the year, and the gate again placed in position. The gate 18 is primarily for the purpose of permitting the egress of workers in case any7 shouldfiind their yWay through the drone trap into the chamber 6, and is removable for permitting the removal of the drones.

.iWhen feeding the bees, the rollers 17, 18

and 19 are turned toclosed position so asA to reduce the number of robber entrances, and the main gate 9 opened or closed as de` sired, and the drone traps closed with plugs, as corks, lso that the Workers will not 'in their eagerness vto get out of the hive, all'through the drone traps and perish.

This hive is particularly advantageousin that it can be readily and quickly adapted tp all conditions and changesvin beelife; and can be provided with ample egress and entrance openings forl the Workers Without permitting the escape of the drones, and

further, in that the drones can be readily removed andthe gates can be adjusted so that the hive will have the proper amountl of ventilation.

llVhat I vclaim is: 4 1. A beehive having upper and lower chambers, a passage connecting. .the chambers, and a drone trap comprising a truncated cone depending from the Wall sepa# rating the chambers and having a conical passage alined with the former passage, the Walls of the passage and the periphery of the cone-being smooth, substantially as and for' the purpose 'described 2. A beehive having an entrance and exit opening :for the bees, and a drone trap arranged near and in the rear of such opening, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

and exit opening for the bees, and a plural; ity of drone trap passages located near and 1n the rear Vof said openings, the passages as and for the purpose -set forth.

4. A beehive comprising a bottom board having upper and lower chambers, the up. per chamber being formed 7with an entrance and exit opening, and a passage connecting the chambers in the rearof'said opening, and a drone trap comprising an inverted truncated cone depending from the Wall separating the chambers, and having a conical passage alined with thel former passage, the Wall of the lat-terl passage" and the pe riphery of the cone being smooth, substantially as and for the purpose described.

A beehivef comprising a. bottom board having tivo chambers, one being' formed with an entrance and exit opening construct-- ed to permit egress and entrance of the Workers and prevent egress of the drones and queen, and the other being also formed With an opening constructed to permit egress and entrance of the workers and prevent egress of the drones and queen, and a drone trap passage between said chambers, `@substantially as specified.

6. A bottom board for bee hives formed With a compartment and a transverse partition in the compartment, including .a movable shutter operable for establishing and shutting olf communication With the hive boX,f substantially as and. for the purpose ysett'o'r'th.

7 A bottom board for bee hives formed With a compartment and a transverse partition lin the compartment including a pluposition to cooperate with 'eachjother to entirely close communication .the hive box, or forni a plurality of, openings for establishing communication to thehive box, and means for operating the shutters, substantially as and 'forthe purpose ,described.4

8. A bottom board for beehives formed tion including a frame and a movable shutf substantially as and` `for the purposeset forth.

having. smooth conical Walls, substantially with a compartment, anda transverse parti 9. A bottom board forbeehives 3. Abeehive having an elongated entrance ien rality of shutters movable into and out vof ter carried by the frame for establishing and shutting oli communication to the hive box,

with a compartment, and a transverse partitlon including a frame having an opening, and a plurality of shutters movable into position to cooperate with each otherand entirely close the opening or form a plurality of openings for shutting oft' and establishing communication to the hive boxes, substantially as and for the purpose described.

10. A bottom board for beehives formed with a compartment, and a transverse parti.- tion including a frame and a movable shutter carried by the frame, the partition being removable as a unit, substantially as and for the purpose specified. Y

11. A bottom board for beehives, the bottom board being provided with a top wall having openings therethrough for the bees, and a horizontal slide below the top wall, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

12. A bottom board for beehives, the bottom board being formed with openings in its top wall and a slide located below said top wall and removable fromfthe bottom board, substantially as and for the purpose described.

13, A bottom board for beehives, thebottom board comprising upper and lower compartments, gates for the workers at opposite ends of the lower compartment, and at one end ot' the upper compartment, the `@fates being constructed to prevent egress ot the drones and the queen, and a drone trap passage between the upper and lower compartments, substantially as and for the purpose Specitied.

14. A bottom board for beehives comprising upper and lower compartments, a gate at one end of the upper compartment, the top wall of the upper compartment being formed ,with openings for the bees, and the lower compartment being in communication with the upper compartment, and a slide located below said top wall and being removable-by a sliding` movement upon the removal of the gate, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

15.' A beehive comprising a base board haring upper and lower compartments, each compartment being divided into front and rear chambers, the front and rear chambers of the upper compartment communicating-with the interlor of the hive boxes, a

communication with each other, and gates for controlling the passage of bees and air, the gates being located at the outer ends of the chambers, substantially as and for the purpose described.

16. A beehive comprising a. base board having upper and lower compartments, each compartment being divided into front and rear chambers, the front and rear chambers of the upper compartment communicating with the interior of the hive boxes, a drone trap passage interposed between the upper and lower front chambers, and the upper and. lower rear chambers being in communication with each other, adjustable gates controlling the passage of bees and air, the gates being located at the outer ends of the chambers, and means for closing communication between the lower rear chamber and the hive box through the upper rear chamber, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

17. A beehive comprising a base board having upper and lower compartments, the upper compartment being divided into ront and rear chambers, and the upper compartment having gates at its opposite ends, and the lower colnpaitment'also having gates at its opposite ends, the gate of the front upper compartment being adjustable to permit the egress and entrance of all classes of bees, or of the workers and drones only, or of the workers only, or may be adjusted to a closed position, and the vother gates being adjustable to closed position or to position to permit egress and entrance of the workers only, and drone trap passages between the upper and lower compartments, substantially as and :for thg purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two attesting witnesses, at Syracuse. 1n the county ot' Onondaga, and in the Statof New York, this 11th day of October, 1912.

CHARLES G. SCHAMU.

Witnesses L. M. BURTON, S. Davis. 

